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Anti GAD-65 Paraneoplastic Syndrome Serum
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GAD65-Ab Test Overview
The GAD65-Ab test, also known as the GAD65 autoantibody test, is a blood test designed to measure the levels of GAD65 IgG antibodies in the blood. These autoantibodies are produced by the immune system in individuals with certain autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes and stiff person syndrome (SPS). The test is specifically used to detect the presence of these antibodies, which can help diagnose and assess the susceptibility to these conditions.
The GAD65-Ab test is an essential diagnostic tool for understanding a person's autoimmune status and identifying potential medical conditions related to the production of GAD65 antibodies. By measuring the levels of these antibodies in the blood, healthcare professionals can make informed decisions about further testing, treatment, and management of autoimmune disorders.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is an enzyme that is produced primarily by pancreatic islet cells. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) often have antibodies to GAD65 and several other islet cell antigens.
The GAD65 antibody is a biomarker of autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) disorders and, more commonly, non-neurological autoimmune diseases, like Type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, and pernicious anemia.
Anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome is a rare neurological disorder caused by the immune system attacking the body's nervous system, specifically the GAD-65 protein. The GAD-65 protein is an enzyme that is involved in the production of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to regulate the communication between nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
In the case of anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome, the immune system produces antibodies against the GAD-65 protein, leading to a reduction in GABA production and disrupting nerve cell communication.
The paraneoplastic aspect of this syndrome means that it is associated with certain types of cancer, typically small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, or ovarian cancer. In some cases, anti-GAD-65 antibodies are produced as part of the body's immune response to the cancer, rather than as a direct result of the cancer itself.
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Written by : Supriya Kulkarni, Lead-Content & Training
Reasons for Undergoing the GAD65-Ab Test
A doctor may recommend a GAD65-Ab test for various reasons. These include:
- To diagnose and assess susceptibility to autoimmune (type 1, insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
- To distinguish between patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
- To confirm diagnoses of stiff-man syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis, autoimmune ataxia, brain stem encephalitis, autoimmune epilepsy, and autoimmune myelopathy
- When symptoms suggestive of these conditions are present, such as weakness, blurry vision, irritability, weight loss, and excessive hunger and thirst
List of Parameters Considered During the GAD65-Ab Test
The GAD65-Ab test measures a specific parameter in your blood:
- GAD65-IgG Antibody Levels: These antibodies are indicative of an autoimmune response against the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), which is involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). High levels of these antibodies suggest an autoimmune disorder, particularly type 1 diabetes or stiff person syndrome. Low titers (typically below 5 U/mL) are considered negative, while higher titers indicate the presence of the autoimmune condition.
GAD65-Ab Test Preparation
Preparation for the GAD65-Ab test is relatively straightforward:
- No Fasting Required: There is generally no need to fast before undergoing the GAD65-Ab test.
- Blood Sample Collection: A blood sample is collected from the patient. This can usually be done at a diagnostic centre or, in some cases, through home sample collection services.
- No Specific Dietary Restrictions: There are no specific dietary restrictions or other preparations needed before the test.
GAD65-Ab Test Results & Interpretation
The results of the GAD65-Ab test are interpreted as follows:
- Negative Result: Levels below 5 U/mL are generally considered negative.
- Positive Result: Levels above 5 U/mL indicate the presence of GAD65 antibodies. Higher titers are associated with a greater likelihood of an autoimmune disorder. For example, levels above 2000 U/mL may require further dilution and testing to accurately quantify the antibody levels
Home Collection for GAD65-Ab Test Near You
Home collection for the GAD65-Ab test offers a convenient solution for individuals to get tested without visiting a clinic. With Metropolis Healthcare's lab services, a trained phlebotomist comes to your doorstep to collect blood samples. This service ensures comfort and safety while maintaining high standards of sample handling and testing accuracy. Patients can expect a seamless experience with timely and reliable results, empowering them to take proactive steps in managing their health. Metropolis Healthcare's commitment to accessible healthcare underscores its dedication to providing quality diagnostic solutions conveniently at home
Anti GAD-65 Paraneoplastic Syndrome Serum Price
Metropolis Healthcare is a leading diagnostics centre and pathology lab in India equipped with the latest state-of-the-art technologies that provides the Anti GAD-65 Paraneoplastic Syndrome Serum with a clear pricing structure.
The Anti GAD-65 Paraneoplastic Syndrome Serum Price in Jalandhar is ₹ 6,800 .
We are committed to deliver accurate and quality results from the best labs in India with complete transparency regarding test cost and turnaround time. No matter where you are, we strive to offer patients high-quality service that is affordable and accessible.
Frequently Asked Questions
GAD-65 antibody test is useful to diagnose Insulin dependent Diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and development of related endocrine disorders like Thyroiditis. It is also used to diagnose Stiff Man syndrome & automimmune encephalitis.
GAD 65 antibody test is performed for patients suspected of suffering from autoimmune diseases like Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Stiff Man syndrome & autoimmune encephalitis.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is an enzyme that is produced primarily by pancreatic islet cells. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) often have antibodies to GAD65 and several other islet cell antigens. Also High serum levels of antibodies to the synaptic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-abs) is a very sensitive biomarker of stiff-person syndrome (SPS) and have also been described in subgroups of patients with limbic encephalitis (LE), cerebellar ataxia,epilepsy, and isolated cases of palatal tremor, as well as downbeat or periodic alternating nystagmus. Patients with GAD-abs must be screened for an underlying cancer if they have clinical presentations different from those typically associated with this autoimmunity or develop classic PNS.
- To help diagnose anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome, a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the nervous system.
- To identify the presence of anti-GAD-65 antibodies in the blood, which are strongly associated with anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome.
- To help confirm a suspected diagnosis of anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome based on the patient's symptoms and medical history.
- To monitor the progression of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment over time.
- To assess the risk of developing anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome in patients with certain types of cancer, such as small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, or ovarian cancer.
- To rule out other potential causes of the patient's symptoms, such as multiple sclerosis or other autoimmune disorders.
- To guide treatment decisions and help healthcare providers develop an individualized treatment plan for patients with anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome
The Anti GAD-65 Paraneoplastic Syndrome Serum test measures anti-GAD-65 antibodies in the blood.
If the results of the anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome serum test are abnormal, it may indicate the presence of anti-GAD-65 antibodies in the blood, which is strongly associated with anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome.
The test involves drawing a small amount of blood from a vein in your arm. A healthcare professional will clean the area with an antiseptic, wrap an elastic band around your upper arm to make the veins more visible, and insert a needle into a vein to collect the blood sample. You may feel a brief prick or stinging sensation when the needle is inserted, but the procedure is generally painless.
No special preparation is required for the test. However, it is recommended that you consult with your healthcare provider before taking the test, as they may have specific instructions or recommendations based on your individual medical history and current health status
The doctor may advise this test if you have symptoms of neurological disorders including stiffness, spasms, and weakness in the muscles, as well as difficulty with coordination, balance, and movement. Other symptoms may include cognitive problems, such as memory loss, difficulty with language, and trouble with problem-solving and decision-making.
Diagnosis of anti-GAD-65 paraneoplastic syndrome typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, neurological testing, and laboratory tests to detect the presence of anti-GAD-65 and other neurological antibodies in the blood.
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody test
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Anti-GAD65 autoantibody test
The GAD65-Ab Test, also known as the GAD65 autoantibody test, is a blood test that measures the levels of GAD65 IgG antibodies in the blood. It helps diagnose and assess autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes and stiff person syndrome.
Yes, many diagnostic centers in India offer home sample collection services, including Metropolis Healthcare, for the GAD65-Ab Test. This convenient option allows you to have your blood sample collected by a trained professional in the comfort of your own home.
Normal levels for the GAD65-Ab Test are typically below 5 U/mL. Levels above this threshold are considered positive for GAD65 antibodies and may indicate the presence of an autoimmune disorder.
The GAD65-Ab Test is used to diagnose and assess autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes, stiff person syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis, and other related conditions. It helps distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and confirm diagnoses of various autoimmune disorders.
The frequency of GAD65-Ab Testing depends on your clinical indications and medical history. Your doctor will usually order the test when symptoms suggestive of autoimmune disorders are present or as a follow-up to other tests indicating an autoimmune condition.
There is no specific time requirement for the GAD65-Ab Test. You can get the test done at any time of the day, as there are no fasting or dietary restrictions associated with this blood test.
No, fasting is not required for the GAD65-Ab Test. You can have your blood sample collected at any time of the day, regardless of when you last ate or drank.
Generally, there are no specific precautions to be taken before undergoing a GAD65-Ab Test. As it is a simple blood test, no special preparation is needed. However, it's always best to follow any instructions provided by your diagnostic center.
The primary parameter assessed in the GAD65-Ab Test is the level of GAD65 IgG antibodies in the blood. This measurement helps diagnose or rule out autoimmune disorders associated with these antibodies.
The GAD65-Ab Test should be done when symptoms suggestive of type 1 diabetes, stiff person syndrome, or other related autoimmune conditions are present. It may also be ordered as a follow-up to other tests indicating an autoimmune disorder.
The blood sample collection for the GAD65-Ab Test is quick and typically takes only a few minutes. However, the entire process, including reporting of the results, may take up to 24 hours.
Reports for the GAD65-Ab Test are usually available within a week based on the day/time the sample was collected and processed. However, this may vary depending on the diagnostic center and their processing times.
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