STD Profile -I Test

This test measures antibodies against Chlamydia Trachomatis, HIV and Syphilis infections

Depending on the underlying infections the symptoms may vary. However, the following are some common observed symptoms of STDs:

• Unusual discharge from the vagina/penis
• Sores or warts around the genital area
• Itching and redness in the genital area
• Presence of sores or blisters around the mouth
• History of sexual intercourse with a STD patient
• Pregnant women with STDs

• The test may be done for patients with suspected signs of Sexually transmitted infections.
• Patients with significant contact with patients suffering from STDs should also be investigated.
• If during pregnancy it is proven that there has been exposure of foetus to these infections, then the test should be performed to confirm the same.
• It may be done in certain immunocompromised patients with recent history of unprotected sexual contact, shared needle usage or history of blood transfusions.

This test requires a blood sample. A tourniquet (elastic) band is placed tightly on the upper arm. The patient is then asked to make a fist. This helps in the build-up of blood filling the veins. The skin is disinfected before needle insertion and the blood sample is collected in vacutainer.

None.

Syphilis Antibodies (Treponema)

Positive Result indicates presence of antibodies to Treponema pallidum (TP).

RPR is a screening test and a prognostic test (i.e., becomes negative after cure). However, results can be positive in many other conditions and hence a positive RPR is confirmed with a TPHA test. TPHA is a specific test but remains positive throughout life (even after cure). Hence, both tests done together can identify a  true positive, acute infection.

HIV-DUO (IVth Generation test)

Reactive results suggest possibility of preliminary infection with HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. All reactive samples are tested as per NACO policy with two more tests to confirm diagnosis . For discrepant results PCR and western blot tests may have to be undertaken.

Chlamydia Trachomatis-IgA

Positive result indicates presence of IgA antibodies which are useful for diagnosis of acute or recent infection in Chlamydia infection. All results must be carefully interpreted and confirmed by clinical evaluation and further diagnostic tests.

HSV-1&2 IgM antibody

Presence of IgM antibody indicates acute or recent infection with either HSV type 1 or 2. It is the First humoral immune response and becomes detectable one week after infection.

• Chlamydia trachomatis test
• HIV DUO test
• HSV test
• Syphilis test

This is a qualitative test which detects the presence of antibodies to Treponema pallidum (TP) ie syphilis infection.  RPR is a screening test and a prognostic test (i.e., becomes negative after cure). However, results can be positive in many other conditions and hence a positive RPR is confirmed with a TPHA test. TPHA is a specific test but remains positive throughout life (even after cure). Hence, both tests done together can identify a  true positive, acute infection.

The test is done for detecting antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections (HIV). The HIV Ag/Ab Combo (HIV DUO) assay is a Screening test for simultaneous qualitative detection of HIV p24 antigen and antibodies to HIV type 1 and/or 2 in human serum or plasma. A single test is not confirmatory and hence diagnosis of HIV infection must be based on results of supplemental, confirmatory tests performed on repeat sample & with clinical correlation for the patient’s immune status and history.

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted disease. It is a major cause of genital and urinary infection in men. It also causes pelvic inflammatory disease including cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. IgA antibodies are useful for diagnosis of acute or recent infection in Chlamydia infection.

The diagnosis of HSV infections is routinely based on Clinical findings and supported by Lab findings. Presence of HSV IgM antibodies are indicative of acute infection, however this is not a confirmatory test.