Pregascreen Quadruple Marker Reflex Test

• The Serum Quadruple marker test is a screening tool used in pregnancy (second trimester) to assess the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. It identifies pregnancies with a higher chance of having a baby with Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, or neural tube defects.
• If the Quadruple marker test shows a higher-than-average risk, further confirmation is recommended for a more precise diagnosis.
  • Confirmation provides peace of mind by clarifying the risk.
  • It allows parents to make informed decisions about their pregnancy management if a chromosomal abnormality is confirmed.

As per ACOG all pregnant women should be offered a prenatal screening and diagnostic test.

This test measures four markers (AFP, HCG, estriol & Inhibin-A) in the maternal blood.  NIPT or Karyotyping/FISH of amniotic fluid (any one) is used for confirmation of screen positives with consent.

This test requires a blood sample. A tourniquet (elastic) band is placed tightly on the upper arm. The patient is then asked to make a fist. This helps in the build-up of blood filling the veins. The skin is disinfected before needle insertion and the blood sample is collected in vacutainer.

High levels of AFP point to neural tube defects in the foetus or there can be incomplete closure of the foetus abdomen. 
Low levels of HCG indicate a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. Whereas, if the levels of HCG are high this indicates multiple pregnancies. 
Low levels of estriol indicate a high risk of Down syndrome especially when the levels of AFP are low and HCG & Inhibin A are high.
Abnormal test (high-risk pregnancy) results do not always indicate a birth defect; it might be because of a variation in the estimated gestational age or other factors. A more specific screening test (NIPT)/ confirmatory test like karyotyping/ FISH are highly recommended. It is always suggested to consult your gynaecologist for any queries.

The Quadruple Marker Test is a prenatal screening blood test conducted during the second trimester (15-22 weeks) to assess the risk of certain birth defects and chromosomal abnormalities in the foetus.

The Quadruple Test is generally recommended between the 15th and 22nd weeks of pregnancy, with the most accurate results typically obtained during the 16th to 18th weeks.

The Quadruple Marker Test is essential for identifying potential risks of chromosomal abnormalities and birth defects early in pregnancy, allowing for further diagnostic testing and appropriate medical planning if necessary.

The Quadruple Marker Test is usually recommended for pregnant women between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation. It helps assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome and neural tube defects, in the baby. This test is particularly advised for women over 35, those with a family history of genetic disorders or those with abnormal results obtained from earlier screenings are especially eligible for the Quadruple Test for further evaluation.

Yes, the quad marker screen or quad screen is considered safe and carries no risk to the baby or the mother, as it only involves a simple blood draw from the mother's vein.

Abnormal results of the Quadruple Marker Test suggest a higher risk but do not definitively indicate a birth defect. Additional tests such as a targeted ultrasound, amniocentesis, or chorionic villus sampling may be recommended for a definitive diagnosis.

No, the Quadruple Marker Test is optional but highly recommended by healthcare providers for all pregnant women, especially those with specific risk factors.

The Quadruple Marker Test can correctly identify about 75% of Down syndrome cases in women under 35 and over 80% in women aged 35 and older. It also detects approximately 75-80% of open neural tube defects.

A positive Quadruple Test result indicates a higher risk of certain birth defects but does not confirm their presence. Further diagnostic tests will be recommended to obtain a definitive diagnosis.

The main difference is that the Quadruple Test includes inhibin A, which is not measured in the triple marker test, making the Quadruple Test more accurate.

The benefits of a Quadruple Test include early risk assessment for chromosomal abnormalities and birth defects, providing an opportunity for further diagnostic testing, planning, and offering reassurance for women with low-risk results.

No, fasting is not necessary before the Quadruple Marker Test. However, inform your doctor if you are taking any medications, vitamins, or supplements.

Yes, some laboratories like Metropolis Healthcare offer home sample collection services for the Quadruple Marker Test, ensuring comfort and convenience for expectant mothers.

The Quadruple Marker Test reports usually take 2 hours to be available after the blood sample is sent to the laboratory for analysis.