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Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF
Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF
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Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF Overview
The autoimmune encephalitis panel performed on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) aims to detect specific autoantibodies linked to various forms of autoimmune encephalitis. Understanding these antibodies helps diagnose the following types of autoimmune encephalitis and guides treatment decisions.
- NMDA receptor antibodies: Associated with a severe form of AE characterized by seizures, movement disorders, and altered mental status
- AMPA receptor (GluR1 & GluR2) antibodies: Linked to limbic encephalitis, causing memory problems, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms
- GABA B receptor antibodies: Can cause various neurological symptoms, including seizures, movement disorders, and cognitive decline
- VGKC complex antibodies (LGI1, ASPR2): Primarily associated with limbic encephalitis, presenting with memory issues, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF is a specialised diagnostic test designed to detect specific autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that are associated with various types of autoimmune encephalitis. This test plays a crucial role in identifying the exact type of encephalitis, which is essential for developing targeted treatment plans and improving patient outcomes.
By analysing the presence and titers of specific autoantibodies in the CSF, such as anti-NMDA receptor antibodies, anti-LGI1 antibodies, and anti-CASPR2 antibodies, the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF helps doctors differentiate between different forms of autoimmune encephalitis.
Reasons for Undergoing the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF is typically recommended in the following situations:
- Diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis in patients presenting with symptoms such as changes in cognition, seizures, hallucinations, psychosis, movement problems, and other neurological disturbances
- When other potential causes of encephalitis have been ruled out and there is a suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis based on clinical presentation, subacute symptoms, and radiological findings consistent with inflammation
- To guide targeted treatment plans based on the specific type of autoimmune encephalitis identified by the test
- Monitoring the effectiveness of treatment interventions and assessing disease progression or remission
List of Parameters Considered During the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF measures the presence of specific autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. These autoantibodies include:
- NMDA receptor antibodies: Associated with NMDA receptor encephalitis, which is characterised by seizures, movement disorders, and altered mental status.
- AMPA receptor antibodies (GluR1 & GluR2): Linked to limbic encephalitis, causing memory problems, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms.
- GABA B receptor antibodies: Can cause various neurological symptoms, including seizures, movement disorders, and cognitive decline.
- VGKC complex antibodies (LGI1, CASPR2): Primarily associated with limbic encephalitis, presenting with memory issues, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms.
Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF Preparation
Preparing for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF involves the following steps:
- Sample Collection: The CSF sample is typically obtained through a lumbar puncture (spinal tap), where a needle is inserted into the lower back to draw out the fluid. Local anaesthesia is usually used to minimise discomfort.
- No Specific Dietary Restrictions: There are no specific dietary restrictions or fasting requirements for this test.
- Informing Your Doctor: Patients should inform their doctor about any medications or health conditions that might affect the test results.
Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF Results & Interpretation
The results of the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF indicate the presence or absence of specific autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. Here's how to interpret the results:
- Positive Results: The presence of specific autoantibodies (e.g., NMDA receptor, AMPA receptor, GABA B receptor, VGKC complex antibodies) suggests a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. The type of antibody present helps in identifying the specific form of the condition.
- Negative Results: The absence of these autoantibodies does not entirely rule out autoimmune encephalitis, as some cases may not be detected by this panel. Further diagnostic tests and clinical evaluation may be necessary to confirm or exclude the diagnosis.
Home Collection for Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF Near You
Unfortunately, home sample collection is not available for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF because the test requires a lumbar puncture to collect the CSF sample, which must be done in a clinical setting by a qualified doctor. While Metropolis Healthcare is committed to making healthcare accessible and providing quality diagnostic solutions conveniently at home, the nature of this test necessitates that it be performed in a clinical setting to ensure patient safety and accurate sample collection.
Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF Price
Metropolis Healthcare is a leading diagnostics centre and pathology lab in India equipped with the latest state-of-the-art technologies that provides the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF with a clear pricing structure.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF Price in Mumbai is ₹ 22,000 .
We are committed to deliver accurate and quality results from the best labs in India with complete transparency regarding test cost and turnaround time. No matter where you are, we strive to offer patients high-quality service that is affordable and accessible.
Frequently Asked Questions
This test measures specific antibodies in the CSF, such as NMDA, AMPA, GABA B receptor, VGKC, LGI1, and ASPR2.
This test is done for the following reasons:
- To diagnose autoimmune encephalitis and determine its specific subtype
- To differentiate autoimmune encephalitis from other neurological disorders
- To guide treatment decisions and monitor treatment success in patients with autoimmune encephalitis
This test may be recommended if you have:
- Neurological symptoms like seizures, memory problems, or behavioural changes
- Suspected autoimmune encephalitis based on clinical evaluation
- Unexplained neurological symptoms that may be related to an autoimmune cause
Abnormal results of this test may indicate the presence of specific autoimmune antibodies associated with autoimmune encephalitis. Further evaluation by your doctor is necessary to interpret the results and consider additional tests or treatments.
- A small amount of CSF will be collected through a lumbar puncture.
- The sample will be sent to the lab for testing.
CSF sample is collected by the healthcare provider in a hospital or clinical setting. Consult with your healthcare provider for specific recommendations and guidance.
Other tests that may be ordered alongside the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF test include:
- Blood tests for autoantibodies: To check for autoimmune diseases associated with neurological symptoms
Autoimmune Encephalopathy Panel-CSF or Autoimmune Encephalitis Antibody Panel-CSF
Autoimmune encephalitis is a rare condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the brain, leading to inflammation. It often presents with various neurological symptoms, such as seizures, memory problems, behavioural changes, and movement disorders. Early diagnosis is important for timely treatment and management of the condition.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF is a diagnostic test that detects specific autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid to identify various forms of autoimmune encephalitis, enabling targeted treatment plans.
No, home sample collection is not available for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF, as it requires a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect cerebrospinal fluid, which must be performed in a medical setting.
Normal levels for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF include the absence of specific autoantibodies, normal protein and glucose levels, and no oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF is used to diagnose and differentiate various types of autoimmune encephalitis, enabling targeted treatment plans and improving patient outcomes.
The frequency of testing for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF depends on clinical necessity. Typically, the test is performed once when symptoms suggestive of autoimmune encephalitis are present and other potential causes have been ruled out.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF can be done at any time as clinically indicated by your doctor.
No, fasting is not required for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF test.
Inform your doctor about any medications you are taking and previous medical conditions.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF includes the detection of neural autoantibodies and basic cerebrospinal fluid panel measurements like protein, glucose, and nucleated cell count.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF should be done when patients exhibit symptoms like seizures, hallucinations, psychosis, movement problems, and other neurological signs suggestive of autoimmune encephalitis, especially after ruling out other potential causes.
The lumbar puncture procedure for collecting the cerebrospinal fluid sample typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour.
The reports for the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel-CSF are usually available within a week, depending on the day/time when the sample is collected and processed. However, the exact turnaround time may vary depending on the lab and complexity of the test.
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