Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen

Pulmonary test can be a follow up test post detection of resistance by first line LPA and Xpert Mtb/Rif. 

In addition to detection of M.tb it can detect resistance to quinolone (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin) and aminoglycoside (amikacin, Kanamycin, capreomycin, viomycin) group of antibiotics

Pulmonary test detects DNA of Mtb and mutations which can lead to resistance towards levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, amikacin, Kanamycin, capreomycin and viomycin.

Laboratory will require culture isolate to book this test. For further details pls contact customer care

M.tb detected - This means that the DNA of M.tb is present in sample and patient is likely to be suffering from tuberculosis.
M.tb Not detected - This means that the DNA of M.tb is absent in sample and patient is unlikely to suffer from tuberculosis. However, sensitivity of this test is not 100%. Repeat test on fresh sample or culture may be advised by doctor to the patient
Resistance to Fluoroquinolone detected - This implies that patient is unlikely to respond to fluoroquniolone treatment. However confirmation with phenotypic is advisable
Resistance to Aminoglycosides detected- This implies that patient is unlike to respond to aminoglycoside treatment (check report for comments on individual antibiotics from aminoglycosides class). However confirmation with phenotypic is advisable

Positive M.tb result - This indicates that the DNA of M.tb is present in the sample and the patient is likely to have tuberculosis.

Negative M.tb result - This suggests that the DNA of M.tb is not present in the sample, and the patient is unlikely to have tuberculosis. However, the doctor may suggest repeating the test with a fresh sample or a culture to confirm the result.

Resistance to Fluoroquinolone detected - This implies that the patient is unlikely to respond to fluoroquinolone treatment. However, confirmation with phenotypic is advisable.

Resistance to Aminoglycosides detected- This implies that the patient is unlike to respond to aminoglycoside treatment. However, confirmation with phenotypic is advisable.

• Don't eat or drink anything except water about 12 hours before sample collection.
• Avoid alcohol and smoking 24 hours before sample collection.
• Don't consume the morning dose of your prescribed medications on the day of sample collection.

Low-income countries don't have the facilities to diagnose XDR tuberculosis. Reliable data from other countries show that there are more than 500000 cases worldwide.

The vaccine is effective in children but is not very effective in adults.

It may take about 6 weeks to confirm XDR TB.

• Acid-fast Bacillus Extensive Drug Resistance Screen
• Hains Line Probe Assay

AFB XDR Screen by Hain Line Probe Assay (LPA) is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of M.tb. It is used to diagnose XDR-TB (extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis), a strain of TB that is resistant to multiple first-line and second-line TB drugs.

The Hain LPA is a molecular test that uses DNA technology to detect the presence of M.tb in a sample of sputum or other bodily fluid. It can also determine the drug susceptibility of the strain by testing for specific genetic markers associated with drug resistance.

The AFB XDR Screen by Hain LPA is an important tool for the early detection of XDR-TB and helps guide the appropriate treatment for patients with this difficult-to-treat form of tuberculosis.

Patients with the following symptoms should do an AFB XDR Screen by Hains Line Probe Assay:

• Persistent cough lasting three or more weeks, with mucus or blood
• Chest pain
• Fatigue and weakness
• Unexplained weight loss
• Chills and fever
• Night sweats
• Loss of appetite

The Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen results are typically reported as "detected" or "not detected" for M.tb and specific resistances. There are no numerical "normal levels" for this test. A negative result indicates the absence of M.tb DNA, while a positive result indicates its presence.

The Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen is used to diagnose tuberculosis, especially XDR-TB, and to determine the drug susceptibility of the M.tb strain. It also helps to guide the appropriate treatment for patients with this difficult-to-treat form of tuberculosis.

The frequency of testing for the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen depends on clinical suspicion and the patient's treatment response. It is typically done when symptoms suggest TB or when monitoring treatment efficacy is necessary.

There is no specific time recommended for the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen. It should be done when clinically indicated, such as when symptoms arise or during treatment monitoring.

No, fasting is not required for the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen.

Before getting tested for the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen, patients should ensure proper handling and collection of the sputum sample to avoid contamination. They should also follow any specific instructions provided by the healthcare facility.

The parameters included in the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen are the detection of M.tb DNA and the presence of genetic markers indicating resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.

The Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen should be done when patients exhibit symptoms suggestive of TB, when monitoring treatment response, or when there is a high clinical suspicion of TB, especially XDR-TB.

The actual test procedure for the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen is relatively quick, involving the collection of a sputum sample. However, the laboratory analysis may take several hours to days to complete.

The reports for the Pulmonary Test - AFB XDR Screen can typically be available within a week, based on the day/time when the sample was collected and processed. For the exact turnaround time, you can consult with your healthcare provider or the specific lab.